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Mixed Conditionals
Those of you who have been following the Conditional Tutorial should now be familiar with present, past and future conditional verb forms. Sometimes Unreal Conditional sentences are mixed. This means that the time in the if-clause is not the same as the time in the result. Study the examples below to learn how to mix conditional verb forms like a native speaker.
Verbs in green are in the Present Unreal Conditional.
Verbs in red are in the Past Unreal Conditional.
Verbs in purple are in the Future Unreal Conditional.
Mixed Conditional Patterns
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PAST
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PRESENT
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Examples:
· If I had won the lottery, I would be rich.
But I didn't win the lottery in the past and I am not rich now.
But I didn't win the lottery in the past and I am not rich now.
· If I had taken French in high school, I would have more job opportunities.
But I didn't take French in high school and I don't have many job opportunities.
But I didn't take French in high school and I don't have many job opportunities.
· If she had been born in the United States, she wouldn't need a visa to work here.
But she wasn't born in the United States and she does need a visa now to work here.
But she wasn't born in the United States and she does need a visa now to work here.
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Zero conditional in indirect speech
Present time
Anne: If John is cursing, it means that he is very angry
Anne said that if John is cursing, it means that he is very angry. it is still true
Anne said that if John was cursing, it meant that he was very angry. (referring to a past habit
Past time
.Jenny: If I got home late, my mom scolded me
Jenny recalled that if she got home late, her mother had scolded her
Note that past tenses in the if-clause do not normally change. In the main clause they may change to the past perfect simple or continuous
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